2021-07-08 13:31:41 • ID: 2258
A Levallois Point from the the Ruquier Quarry at Oissel
Figure 1 shows the dorsal view, Figure 2 the ventral side and Figure 3 the facetted base of the Point.
In his classic work: "Les limons quaternaires du Bassin de la Seine"; François Bordes gave an important account about
the many gravel quarries and their Quaternary stratigraphy in the Oisell area.
Near Oisell, in the commune of Grand-Couronne, the brickworks of Petit-Essart yielded several series that can be linked to a Late Acheulean and to a Mousterian of Acheulean tradition.
In particular, several brickyards opened in Oissel from 1869 onwards have yielded abundant material allowing important stratigraphic surveys.
These were located on the southeast-facing hillside overlooking Oissel, at an altitude of 67-70 m. The deepest excavation reached 22 m.
Bordes noted the succession of ten silty layers separated by eight levels of rubble.
The whole ensemble constituted one of the largest series
collected in Haute-Normandie since the end of the 19th century.
Bordes as a child of his time, recognized the existence of "Mindelian, Rissian and Würmian loess" largely disturbed by phases of erosion and solifluction.
Bordes highlighted an Upper Acheulean of Micoquian facies-see 1532 and a typical Mousterian at the Ruquier quarry, the latter at the the base of the recent loess I (Most Probably MIS 5).
His typological analysis showed that "the Levallois typological index is very high: 61.9, which classifies this industry in the Mousterian of Levalloisian facies. The scraper index is relatively high: 12.8, The "Charentian" index is 2.5, which is low. The total Acheulean index is poor, 3.1, as well as the back knife index, 2.9. The biface index is extremely low: 0.2. Indeed, only one biface was present".
This industry is characterized by strong Levallois component, with full mastery of a Non-Levallois Blade production.
The occupation corresponds mainly to a workshop on an extraction site; it may have been related to the nearby typical Mousterian of the Ruquier quarry site, on the same contiguous area.
Levallois Cores represent nearly 83% of the whole ensemble. The whole spectrum from lineal, recurrent (unidirectional, bidirectional, centripetal) and laminar techniques is present. On the other hand, several cores with prismatic appearance "à débitage semi-tournant" were qualified as Upper Paleolithic type.
In this respect the site is similar to Mousterian Ensembles with a strong laminar component from MIS5 in Northern Europe, first described at Seclin and later also recognized at Wallertheim D, Saint-Germain-des-Vaux, Tönchesberg 2B and Riencourt-lès-Bapaume for example. Geologically and in concordance with Bordes suggestions, the "Mare d'Oisse" site belongs to the end of MIS5 around 80-70 k.a. BP- see 1522
Suggested Reading:
Figure 4 displays page 152 from my own example of Bordes publication with Levallois Points- retouched and unretouched among a typical Scraper rich Levallois-Mousterian ensemble.
Interestingly typical blades are also shown, but not described in the text-I suggest because Bordes could not imagine a "blade Mousterian".
Aude Coudenneau: Éléments triangulaires et armes de chasse au Paléolithique moyen. Free via Theses.fr
Provenance: Collection P. Fitte (FR)
Resources and images in full resolution:
- Image: 2021-07-09_IMG_3199.jpg
- Image: 2021-07-10_oissel11.jpg
- Image: 2021-07-10_oissell.jpg
- Image: 2021-07-10_oissel222.jpg
- Extern Link: www.persee.fr…rao_0767-709x_1999_num_16_1_1086
- Extern Link: journals.openedition.org…12332