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2018-09-28 15:50:18   •   ID: 2028

A “Micoquian” Biface from Mantes-la-Jolie

Figure 1
Chert is by no means „ imperishable“. During the ten of thousand years between discard and excavation-it cracks and crashes. Good examples for the physical degradation of flint are the fragile tools of La Quina in the Charente and the artifacts from La Micoque 6 - N in Les Eyzies-de-Tayac.

This is a damaged large, still 22 cm long, symmetric “Micoquian” Biface, found during quarry operations at the Place république (Mantes la Jolie).

Mantes-la-Jolie which is often informally called Mantes is a commune based in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France region in north-central France and located in the western suburbs of Paris, 48.4 km from the center of the French capital.

Paleolithic findings from Mantes are known since the 1870ies and were already described by Mortillet and Obermaier / Breuil. They focused especially on large, elongated examples, often with a Micoquian appearance.

In his thesis, Bordes described their origin from the last Interstadial (MIS5e-a), according to the reports from Workers, of the large briqueteries in the Mantes area.His theory has withstood the test of time.

Regarding classic symmetric Micoquian handaxes, F. Blaser recently noticed, that: “Discoveries of Micoquian bifaces have been particularly numerous in loess quarries of Paris Basin since the end of the 19th century, allowing Breuil (1932) and Bordes (1954) to define a “province micoquienne de la Seine”.

The “Micoquian phenomenon” was reaffirmed by recent excavations at Saint-Illiers-la-Ville, a sequence of loess / paleosols which has been found at Saint-Illiers (Yvelines) in the western Paris Basin (France) in the context of an archaeological survey.- the old masters of Prehistoric research rarely failed.....

Figure 2
Saint-Illiers-la-Ville was dated by Geomorphology (multiple Paleosols), OSL, applied on burnt flints, and ESR to a time span of ca 400-100 k.a. BP.

The last date is associated with the Micoquian (sensu Bordes). The other levels contest multiple occupations by a local Acheulean (MIS 10, 7 and 6).

For a short time (in geological terms), around the beginning of the Weichselian (Elbeuf 1 paleosols)* until ca 90 k.a. BP and over a limited space, reaching some 300 km along the Seine Valley and its tributaries, there is indeed a characteristic late non- Levallois Acheulean with symmetric Micoquian handaxes.

The most prominent sites of this group, beyond the Saint-Illiers-la-Ville site, are the quarry findings from Mantes-la-Ville, Rosny- sur-Seine, upper parts of the Saint-Pierre-les-Elbeuf stratigraphy ,Allonne, Villejuif and Le Tillet (already part of this blog; see here: 1532 , here: 1615 , here: 1595 ,and here: 1661 .

Gabriel de Mortillet, Le Préhistorique, antiquité de l'homme, 2e édition, Paris, 1885 wrote:

"Bassin de la Seine. - Dès que la découverte de Boucher de Perthes fut bien constatée, en 1859, un Genevois, M. Hippolyte Gosse, se mit à visiter avec soin les carrières de gravier de Paris. Il y reconnut bientôt la présence de silex évidemment taillés. Plus tard, ces recherches ont été patiemment continuées par M. Reboux.

Ces chercheurs ont recueilli un très grand nombre d’échantillons, mais les instruments chelléens sont toujours restés en très petite minorité. Ils ne se trouvent que dans les couches les plus profondes. Tous sont en silex ; seulement ici, outre le silex de la craie, j’ai pu constater l’existence de quelques très rares échantillons en silex d’eau douce.

Martin explorait surtout les sablières de la plaine de Grenelle; Reboux visitait régulièrement la rive droite de la Seine, du Point-du-Jour et de Billancourt à Levallois Perret et à Clichy. Les sablières de Bois-Colombes ont aussi fourni de beaux échantillons.

On en a également recueilli dans la sablière de la gare du Pecq, sous Saint-Germain, où les instruments chelléens sont rares. Les balastières de Mantes en ont donné un certain nombre. Enfin, les carrières de sable et de gravier de Sotteville-lès-Rouen "


* the Elbeuf I paleosols are contemporaneous of the last interglacial, i.e the Eemian-early Weichselian (OIS 5).

Provenance Collection E.Perez (FR)




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