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2016-06-17 03:52:30 • ID: 1394
Quina-Mousterian from San Marco in Lamis (Gargano; Italia)
Gargano is a small mountainous promontory protruding into the Southern Adriatic and, from a structural point of view; it is part a carbonate block that is part of the slightly deformed foreland of the southern Apennine thrust belt. The Gargano promontory stretches for 70 km along the coast, giving rise to the Gulf of Manfredonia.
It is a mountainous, rocky island, almost out of place along the flat coastal Adriatic, which rises to over a thousand meters from the plate Tavoliere Puglia. The Gargano is full of contrasting landscapes, very similar to the better known karstic regions in southern Croatia around Dubrovnik.
The hinterland of the Gargano typically appears as an environment with wild ravines, cliffs, caves, high ridges, pinnacles and columns. Some of these caves have been excavated and yield abundant prehistoric material from the Paleolithic to Protohistoric times.
Many caves and rock shelters remain unexplored till now. The recent years of archaeological research helped to better define the conditions of the first peopling of Europe thanks to the discovery of numerous new sites dated between about 1 and 1.5 Ma.
In this context, the Pirro Nord site situated at the north-western margin of the Gargano promontory, close to the village of Apricena and dated between 1.3 and 1.6 Ma on a bichronological basis became important by the discovery of an unequivocal Mode-1 industry.
The reduction sequences at this site were always short and opportunistic, finalized to obtain flakes that were only rarely retouched.
Non-dated Handaxes and lower Paleolithic material was found at several sites in the Gargano (e.g. at Baia delle Zagare) and may date to MIS 11-9.
A Middle Paleolithic with Quina / Charentian aspects is known from “the early last glaciation” at Paglicci rock shelter / cave and from Piani di San Vito (an open air site) and the Grotta di Spagnoli. In S-Italy Quina production is prevalent during MIS 5 and 6 –followed by Levallois, and late, during MIS 3 by Discoid and Laminar Technologies.
The numerous caves and abris in the Gargano need prospection, protection and surveillance. I do not doubt that this microregion is full of unexpected Paleolithic material. See here: 1467 , here: 1683 and here 1684
Proveniance: Collection Baronetti / Milano (IT)